【概述】

硼酸實際上是氧化硼的水合物（B2O3.3H2O）,為白色粉末狀結晶或三斜軸面鱗片狀光澤結晶，有滑膩手感，無臭味。比重1.435（15ºC）。溶於水、酒精、甘油、醚類及香精油中，水溶液呈弱酸性。硼酸在水中的溶解度隨溫度升高而增大，並能隨水蒸汽揮發；在無機酸中的溶解度要比在水的溶解度小。加熱至70～100℃時逐漸脫水生成偏硼酸，150～160ºC時生成焦硼酸，300℃時生成硼酸酐（B2O3）.

【理化性質】

質量標準：（GB538-90）

技術標準如下表

【製法及工藝流程】

　　1、硼砂硫酸中和法 將硼砂溶解後。加硫酸復分解制得硼酸。

　　Na2B4O7+H2SO4+5H2O→4H3BO3+Na2SO4

　　2、碳氨法 將硼礦粉與碳酸氫銨溶液混合，經加溫加熱後分解得到含硼酸氨料液，再經脫去反應生成的氨，即得硼酸。

　　2MgO.B2O3+2NH4HCO3+H2O→2(NH4)H2BO3+2MgCO3

　　(NH4)H2BO3→H3BO3+NH3

　　3、鹽酸法。用鹽酸酸解硼精礦，再經過濾、結晶和乾燥，即得硼酸。

　　2MgO.B2O3+4HCl+ H2O→2H3BO3+2MgCl2

　　4、井鹽滷水鹽酸法。由含硼鹵與鹽酸一起蒸煮，再經脫水、結晶、乾燥即得硼酸。

【包裝】

用內襯二層牛皮紙（或塑料袋）的麻袋包裝。每袋淨重25公斤或80公斤。

儲運注意事項：應貯存在乾燥清潔的庫房內，不得露天堆放，應避免雨淋或受潮。應裝在棚車、船艙或帶棚的汽車內運輸，並不應與潮濕物品和有色的原料混合堆置，運輸工具必須乾燥清潔。

【用途】

用作玻璃、搪瓷、瓷、醫藥等工業原料。硼酸是一種純淨的、多功能的含氧化硼的原料。與硼砂一樣，硼酸是一種用途極廣的工業硼化物。

1、玻璃和玻纖

　　 B2O3在玻璃和玻纖的製造中扮演著助熔劑和網絡形成體的雙重角色。例如，在玻纖生產中經可降低熔融溫度從而有助於拉絲。一般來講，B2O3可以降低粘度、控制熱膨脹、阻止失透、提高化學穩定性、提高抗機械衝擊和熱衝擊能力。

　　在要求鈉含量較低的玻璃生產中硼酸常常與鈉硼酸鹽（如五水硼砂或無水硼砂）混合使用以調節玻璃中的鈉硼比。這對硼硅酸鹽玻璃來說很重要，因為氧化硼在低鈉高鋁的情況下表現為良好的助溶性。

　 2、熔塊、釉料

　　 對於陶瓷、搪瓷釉料，氧化硼是很好的助熔劑和網絡形成體。它可形成玻璃（在低溫時），提高坯釉適應性，降低粘度和表面張力，提高折射率，提高機械強度，耐久性耐磨性，它是無鉛釉的重要組成。高硼熔塊熟 化快，形成光滑釉面的速度快，有利於著色。在快速燒成釉面磚熔塊中，B2O3以硼酸引入，以保證低鈉含量的要求。

　　3、 阻燃

　　 加入賽璐璐材料中的硼酸鹽可改變其氧化反應，促進“碳化”的形成。因此可阻燃。硼酸單獨或者與硼砂一起使用，對減少賽璐璐絕緣材料、木器、床墊中的棉花胎的可燃性有特殊的效果。

　　4、 冶金

　　硼酸可防止金屬焊接、銅焊、套焊的表面氧化。它也是硼鐵合金的原料。

　　5、 防銹

　　 硼酸可作為防銹劑、潤滑劑和熱氧化穩定劑。它被加入到潤滑劑、剎車油、金屬加工液、水處理劑和燃料添加劑中。

　　6、 粘結劑

　　 硼酸是製造瓦楞紙粘結劑的成份之一，同時也是製造酷蛋白和糊精粘結劑的膠溶劑。硼酸通過交聯鍵羥基極大地改善了濕膠強度。

　　7、個人保健品

　　 國家醫藥級（NF）硼酸用於化妝品、衛生用品及藥品中。它還與硼砂混合制所PH緩衝溶液。作為交聯劑乳化石蠟，還可用作抑菌劑。

　 8、 核工業

　　硼-10同位素是高效的熱中子吸收劑。因此在核電站中它是安全和控制系統中所不可缺少的。特殊級（ＳＱ）硼酸用於核工業，它能夠增加硼-10比例。

【Summary】

Boric acid is actually the boron oxide hydrate (B2O3.3H2O), a white crystalline powder or flake triclinic axis, crystal gloss, with creamy feel, no odor.Proportion of 1.435 (15 º C).Soluble in water, alcohol, glycerol, ethers and essential oils, the aqueous solution is acidic.Boric acid solubility in water increases with increasing temperature and water vapor can be as volatile; in the solubility of inorganic acid in water solubility than in small.Heated to 70 ~ 100 ℃ gradually dehydrated when borate, 150 ~ 160 º C when the acid generated coke, 300 ℃ when the generated acid anhydride (B2O3).

】 【Physical and Chemical Properties

Quality standards: (GB538-90)

Indicators Project


Index



Excellent


First Class



Boric acid% ≥


99.6-100.8


99.4-100.8



Water insoluble% ≤


0.01


0.04



Sulfate (SO4 dollars to)% ≤


0.1


0.2



Chloride (in CL total)% ≤


0.05


0.1



Iron (Fe)% ≤


0.002


0.003



Technical standards the following table






【Manufacturing method and process】

1, borax and sulfuric acid method borax dissolved.Metathesis prepared by sulfuric acid boric acid.

Na2B4O7 + H2SO4 +5 H2O → 4H3BO3 + Na2SO4

2, ammonia and carbon dioxide method of boron powder and ammonium bicarbonate solution was mixed, heated by the heat decomposition of ammonia by boric acid feed solution, and then by taking off the reaction of ammonia, which was boric acid.

2MgO.B2O3 +2 NH4HCO3 + H2O → 2 (NH4) H2BO3 +2 MgCO3

(NH4) H2BO3 → H3BO3 + NH3

3, hydrochloric acid.Acid concentrate boron salt solution, and then by filtration, crystallization and drying, that is too acid.

2MgO.B2O3 +4 HCl + H2O → 2H3BO3 +2 MgCl2

4, well salt brine hydrochloric acid.With brine and hydrochloric acid from the boron-containing cooking and dehydration, crystallization, drying or too acid.

【Package】

Kraft paper with a lining layer (or plastic) sacks packaging.Net weight 25 kg or 80 kg.

Storage: should be stored in a clean dry warehouse, not the open pile, avoid rain or moisture.Should be installed in the boxcar, ship or transport vehicle with a shed and should not be colored with the wet goods and raw materials mixed pile, means of transport must be clean and dry.

【Usage】

As glass, enamel, ceramic, pharmaceutical and other industrial raw materials.Boric acid is a pure, multi-functional material containing boron oxide.As with borax, boric acid is a very widely used industrial boride.

1, glass and fiberglass

B2O3 in the manufacture of glass and glass flux and play the dual role of the network forming.For example, in glass fiber production can be reduced by the melting temperature and thus contribute to drawing.Generally speaking, B2O3 reduces viscosity, thermal expansion control to prevent loss of transparency, improve the chemical stability, increased resistance to mechanical impact and thermal shock resistance.

Lower sodium content in the required production of glass and sodium borate boric acid is often (such as Pentahydrate Borax or anhydrous borax) mixed with sodium to regulate the glass than boron.Borosilicate glass which is very important because the oxidation of boron in the case of sodium alumina showed a good solubilizing power.

2, frit, glaze

For ceramics, enamel glazes, boron oxide is a good flux and network forming.It can form a glass (at low temperature), improve the glaze fit, reduce the viscosity and surface tension, refractive index increase and improve mechanical strength, durability, wear resistance, it is an important component lead-free glaze.Rapid maturation of high boron frit to form a smooth glaze fast, is conducive to coloring.In the fast firing glazed frit in, B2O3 with boric acid to introduce to ensure that the requirements of low sodium content.

3, flame retardant

加入賽璐璐 borate materials can change their oxidation to promote "carbon" formation.So be flame retardant.Borax boric acid alone or together with the use of insulating materials to reduce celluloid, wood, mattress flammability of cotton child with special effects.

4, metallurgy

Boric acid to prevent metal welding, brazing, welding sets of surface oxidation.It is also the raw material of boron alloy.

5, anti-rust

Boric acid can be used as rust inhibitors, lubricants, and thermal oxidation stabilizer.It was added to lubricants, brake fluid, metalworking fluids, water treatment chemicals and fuel additives.

6, binder

Boric acid is a component of the manufacture of corrugated paper binder, but also create cool protein and dextrin binder glue solvent.Hydroxy acid by cross-linked bond has greatly improved the wet gel strength.

7, personal care products

State Pharmaceutical grade (NF) boric acid used in cosmetics, hygiene products and medicines.It is also mixed with the borax buffer solution PH.Paraffin emulsion as a crosslinking agent, also can be used as antibacterial agents.

8, the nuclear industry

-10 Boron isotopes is efficient thermal neutron absorber.Therefore, it is safe in nuclear power stations and control systems essential.Special class (SQ) boric acid used in the nuclear industry, it can increase the proportion of B -10.

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