螺紋製造工藝
螺紋加工方法主要有切削加工和滾壓加工兩大類。切削一般指用成形刀具或磨具在工件上加工螺紋的方法。滾壓是用成形滾壓模具使工件產生塑性變形以獲得螺紋的加工方法。
•螺紋切削
一般指用成形刀具或磨具在工件上加工螺紋的方法,主要有車削、銑削、攻絲、套絲、磨削、研磨和旋風切削等。車削、銑削和磨削螺紋時,工件每轉一轉,機床的傳動鏈保證車刀、銑刀或砂輪沿工件軸向準確而均勻地移動一個導程。在攻絲或套絲時,刀具(絲錐或板牙)與工件作相對旋轉運動,並由先形成的螺紋溝槽引導著刀具(或工件)作軸向移動。一般用於較多的螺紋切削工具是絲錐。
•螺紋滾壓
用成形滾壓模具使工件產生塑性變形以獲得螺紋的加工方法。螺紋滾壓一般在滾絲機。搓絲機或在附裝自動開合螺紋滾壓頭的自動車床上進行,適用於大批量生產標準緊固件和其它螺紋聯接件的外螺紋。滾壓後的螺紋表麵因冷作硬化而能提高強度和硬度;材料利用率高;生產率比切削加工成倍增長,且易於實現自動化;滾壓模具壽命很長。但滾壓螺紋要求工件材料的硬度不能超過HRC30°,對滾壓不同材質的工件所用的毛坯材質也有所不同;對毛坯尺寸精度要求較高;對滾壓模具的精度和硬度、材質要求也高。按滾壓模具的不同,螺紋滾壓模具可分搓牙(絲)板和滾牙(絲)輪兩類。
滾製螺紋滾造徑一覽表 | |||||||
公製螺紋 | 美製粗牙螺紋 | PT PS PF 英製管牙 | |||||
規 格 | 滾 造 徑 | 規 格 | 滾 造徑 | 規 格 | A級滾造 徑 | B級滾造徑 | 小 徑 |
M2.0×0.4 | 1.67-1.70 | N0.2×56 | 1.84-1.86 | 1/16×28 | 7.05-7.10 | 7.05-7.94 | 6.78-6.89 |
M2.3×0.4 | 1.97-2.00 | N0.2×48 | 2.11-2.14 | ||||
M2.6×0.45 | 2.23-2.26 | N0.4×40 | 2.36-2.40 | 1/8×28 | 9.05-9.10 | 8.94-9.05 | 8.79-8.90 |
M3.0×0.5 | 2.60-2.63 | N0.5×40 | 2.69-2.72 | ||||
M3.5×0.6 | 3.03-3.06 | N0.6×32 | 2.91-2.95 | 1/4×19 | 12.19-12.25 | 12.07-12.19 | 11.80-11.92 |
M4.0×0.7 | 3.45-3.49 | N0.8×32 | 3.57-3.60 | ||||
M4.5×0.75 | 3.92-3.96 | N0.11×24 | 4.05-4.09 | 3/8×19 | 15.69-12.25 | 15.57-15.69 | 15.29-15.41 |
M5.0×0.8 | 4.38-4.43 | N0.12×24 | 4.70-4.75 | ||||
M6.0×1.0 | 5.25-5.30 | 1/4×20 | 5.45-5.50 | 1/2×14 | 19.67-19.74 | 19.53-19.67 | 19.14-19.28 |
M7.0×1.0 | 6.25-6.30 | 5/16×18 | 6.93-6.98 | ||||
M8.0×1.25 | 7.07-7.12 | 3/18×16 | 8.40-8.45 | 3/4×14 | 25.15-25.22 | 25.01-25.15 | 24.68-25.54 |
M9.0×1.25 | 8.07-8.12 | 7/16×14 | 9.83-9.89 | ||||
M10×1.5 | 8.91-8.97 | 1/2×13 | 11.32-11.39 | 1×11 | 31.61-31.70 | 31.43-31.61 | 30.94-31.12 |
M11×1.5 | 9.91-9.97 | 9/16×12 | 12.80-12.87 | ||||
M12×1.75 | 10.73-10.79 | 5/8×11 | 14.26-14.33 | 11/4×11 | 40.34-40.43 | 40.16-40.34 | 39.46-39.64 |
M14×2.0 | 12.56-12.63 | 3/4×10 | 17.27-17.34 | ||||
M16×2.0 | 14.56-14.63 | 7/8×9 | 20.26-20.34 | 11/2×11 | 46.23-46.32 | 46.05-46.23 | 45.35-45.53 |
M18×2.5 | 16.23-16.31 | 1×8 | 23.20-23.28 | ||||
M20×2.5 | 18.23-18.31 | 11/8×7 | 26.07-26.16 | 2×11 | 58.05-58.14 | 57.87-58.05 | 57.14-59.96 |
M22×2.5 | 20.23-20.31 | 11/4×7 | 29.24-29.33 | ||||
M24×3.0 | 21.90-21.98 | 13/8×6 | 32.02-32.12 | NPT NPS 美製管牙 | |||
M27×3.0 | 23.89-24.98 | 11/2×6 | 35.08-35.29 | 規 格 | A級滾造徑 | B級滾造徑 | 小 徑 |
M30×3.5 | 27.56-27.66 | 13/4×5 | 40.85-41.08 | 1/16×27 | 7.39-7.44 | 7.28-7.39 | 6.78-6.89 |
M33×3.5 | 30.56-30.65 | 2×41/2 | 47.00-4706 | ||||
M36×4.0 | 33.23-33.33 | 美製細牙螺紋 | 1/8×27 | 9.39-9.44 | 9.28-9.39 | 9.13-9.24 | |
M39×4.0 | 36.22-36.63 | 規 格 | 滾 造 徑 | ||||
M42×4.5 | 38.90-39.01 | N0.6×40 | 3.02-3.05 | 1/4×18 | 12.37-12.43 | 12.25-12.37 | 11.99-12.11 |
M45×4.5 | 41.90-42.00 | N0.8×36 | 3.03-3.66 | ||||
M48×5.0 | 44.45-44.68 | N0.10×32 | 4.22-4.26 | 3/8×18 | 15.82-15.88 | 15.28-15.70 | 15.41-15.53 |
英製螺紋 | N0.12×28 | 4.80-4.84 | |||||
規 格 | 滾 造 徑 | N0.1/4×28 | 5.68-5.72 | 1/2×14 | 19.65-19.72 | 19.51-19.65 | 19.12-19.26 |
W3/32-48 | 2.01-2.04 | NO.5/16×24 | 7.16-7.20 | ||||
W1/8-40 | 2.72-2.75 | NO.3/8×24 | 8.74-8.79 | 3/4×14 | 24.99-25.06 | 24.8-24.99 | 24.33-24.52 |
W5/32-32 | 3.39-3.43 | NO.7/16×20 | 10.18-10.23 | ||||
W3/16-24 | 4.05-4.08 | NO.1/2×20 | 11.76-11.82 | 1×111/2 | 31.30-31.39 | 31.12-31.30 | 30.63-30.80 |
W1/4-20 | 5.46-5.51 | NO.9/16×18 | 13.25-13.31 | ||||
W5/16-18 | 6.95-7.01 | NO.5/8×18 | 14.83-14.89 | 11/4×111/2 | 40.12-40.21 | 39.94-40.12 | 39.24-39.42 |
W3/8-16 | 8.41-8.48 | NO.3/4×16 | 17.89-17.95 | ||||
W7/16-14 | 9.85-9.92 | NO.7/8×14 | 20.91-20.98 | 11/2×111/2 | 46.19-46.28 | 46.01-46.19 | 45.31-45.49 |
W1/2-12 | 11.21-11.24 | NO.1×12 | 23.87-23.95 | ||||
W9/16-12 | 12.82-12.89 | NO.11/8×12 | 27.05-27.12 | 2×111/2 | 46.06-58.33 | 46.06-46.24 | 57.15-57.3 |
W5/8-11 | 14.29-14.36 | NO.11/4×12 | 30.21-30.29 | ||||
W3/4-10 | 17.30-17.38 | NO.13/8×12 | 33.38-33.46 | ||||
W7/8-9 | 20.29-20.38 | NO.11/2×12 | 36.55-36.63 | ||||
W1-8 | 23.23-23.32 |
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